Inlines an image block as base64 only in the one request where it first appears, and marks that same block offloaded on every later request so DSH's own image-offload projection renders it as the placeholder text carrying the read-only local path. An occurrence is keyed by session id, message id, content-tree path and attachment id, and a request is only counted after it produces its first chunk, so retries do not count as sent. Requests carrying a purpose are neither rewritten nor counted, a later read_image of the same file is a new occurrence and inlines once more, and only that request's copy is rewritten, so nothing is written back to the session.